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Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

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Grand Challenges is a family of initiatives fostering innovation to solve key global health and development problems. Each initiative is an experiment in the use of challenges to focus innovation on making an impact. Individual challenges address some of the same problems, but from differing perspectives.

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Achieving Optimal Growth and Development Among Infants and Children in Low-Resource Settings

Nita BhandariSociety for Applied StudiesNew Delhi, , India
Grand Challenges India
All Children Thriving
21 Apr 2017

The project intends to identify challenges to accelerate linear growth among infants/children in low-income settings and strategies to overcome them. The study proposes delivery of an integrated package of interventions (nutritional, environmental, WASH and care) during pregnancy and early childhood in a community-based model. Using stratified randomization, the proposal has been designed in a manner that permits the assessment of the impact of these intervention packages when delivered synergistically or independently on the growth and development of the young child.

Acousta - A Doppler for Fetal Monitoring

Balaji TeegalaBRUN Health Pvt. Ltd.Hyderabad, , India
Grand Challenges India
India-GCE
28 Nov 2017

Balaji Teegala from BRUN Health Pvt. Ltd. in India will develop a Doppler stethoscope - Acousta - that acts both as a standard annular Y-shaped stethoscope and as a Doppler stethoscope. The problem in auscultating the fetal heart to identify birth asphyxia among other fetal morbidities is the difficulty, skill, and training needed while using a regular stethoscope. This is mitigated by active sensing systems like the fetal Doppler systems or cardiotocographs. However, these systems are burdensome to carry in addition to a stethoscope. Alternatively, electronic stethoscopes give clarity during auscultation but are predominantly targeted at specialties like cardiology, while still being passive systems in their approach to sensing physiology. Acousta is a combinatorial approach using both these systems.

Designing On-Farm Participatory Models of Integrated Farming Systems for Enhancement of Household Diet Diversity and Livelihoods of Women Smallholder Farmers

Ramanathan KathiresanAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar, , India
Grand Challenges India
Agriculture and Nutrition
23 Jan 2015

The project intends to promote the adoption of an innovative model of farming - the Integrated Farming System (IFS) - in the Chidambaram region. It aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model of farming in improving agricultural productivity and create avenues for empowerment of women as well as augment household diet diversity and improve nutritional standards of 150 poor women farmers.

Enhancing Nutritional Security of Pregnant Women, Infants and Young Children in Rural Households of Tamil Nadu, India Through Agricultural Intervention

Chandrababu RanganathanCentre for Plant Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyCoimbatore, , India
Grand Challenges India
All Children Thriving
31 Mar 2017

The project study proposes the development of nutrient rich genotypes in rice possessing the key nutraceuticals and therapeutic clues through which required nutrients such as iron and zinc for pregnant women and infants of rural households will be supplemented sustainably. Any improved line of rice will be compared with the traditional parents and other popularly eaten white rice varieties for its nutritional content and therapeutic values. The improved lines of rice having nutritive, anti-diabetic and therapeutic characters may be registered.

Ensure Year-Wise Nutritional Food Security to Indian Women Through Community Level Implementation of Domestic Solar Conduction Dryer

Vaibhav TidkeScience for SocietyAurangabad, , India
Grand Challenges India
Agriculture and Nutrition
15 Dec 2015

The project aims to ensure food-security throughout the entire year in a rural district by storing food through an innovative technology known as the Solar Conduction Dryer. It also aims to add extra income to women farmers from the sale of the dehydrated products of this technology, while providing valuable lessons in post-harvest losses.

Field Testing of Off-grid, Self-sustained, Modular, Electronic Toilet for Slums, with Solar Energy for Indian Weather and Integrated with Mixed Waste Processing Unit, with Water, Energy/Fertilizer Recovery

Midhu SVEram Scientific Solutions Pvt LtdTrivandrum, , India
Grand Challenges India
Reinvent the Toilet
25 May 2015

This project, undertaken in collaboration with the University of South Florida, U.S., aims to develop and demonstrate an innovative sanitation and resource recovery solution for the slum areas in India.

Glucometer Used by Diabetics for Economical HIV Viral Loading Testing in Resource Limited Settings

Pratap MukhopadhyayaWobble Base Bioresearch Pvt. LtdSurat, , India
Grand Challenges India
India-GCE
27 Nov 2017

Pratap Mukhopadhyaya from Wobble Base Bioresearch Pvt. Ltd. in India will develop a glucometer to detect HIV RNA. The existing major methodologies for viral load quantitation require sophisticated infrastructure and reagents that generate high priced tests (>50 USD per test) that are often not feasible for use in resource limited settings. The new assay involves making an HIV cDNA-DNA-invertase complex, which is added to sucrose solution to generate glucose through hydrolysis by the invertase enzyme that is detected using the glucometer. The amount of glucose detected is a function of HIV copy number.

miRNAs as Evaluation Biomarker of Tuberculosis Treatment Response

Asif MohammedInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, , India
Grand Challenges India
India-GCE
21 Apr 2017

Asif Mohammed from the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in India will identify miRNA patterns as potential biomarkers as per Receiver Operating Characteristics, to identify quantitative patterns of circulating human miRNAs which can be used as early biomarkers to predict outcome of the anti-TB drug therapy. They will follow-up patients during their course of treatment with first line anti-TB drugs, and will isolate, sequence, identify and quantitate circulating miRNAs in sputum and plasma of these individuals at one month, two month and 6/9 months of treatment.

Novel Tool for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance among Urinary Tract Care Infections Seen in Primary Care Settings

Sudeshna AdakOmiX Research and Diagnostics Laboratories Pvt Ltd.Bangalore, , India
Grand Challenges India
India-GCE
21 Apr 2017

Sudeshna Adak from OmiX Research and Diagnostics Laboratories Pvt Ltd. In India will develop a point-of-care AMR test and polymer card combined with a phone based surveillance system to detect and track AMR molecular signatures in primary care settings or in settings where access to AMR testing is currently unavailable. They will demonstrate a proof-of-concept for detection of AMR in urinary tract infections (UTI), establish and validate a 5-gene AMR signature assay in the proposed AMR test.

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