AI Support for Improving Clinician Decision-Making for Advanced HIV Disease Care and Treatment Including Opportunistic Infections

Anne Njeri Kamere and Mamothe Makgabo of The Aurum Institute in South Africa will develop an AI-based tool for clinicians managing complex HIV cases to support them in accurately and quickly making clinical decisions, thereby improving patient health outcomes. The tool will support clinicians in determining multiple elements: the appropriate treatment regimen and management approach for opportunistic infections, the need for preventive measures, potential referrals to higher-level facilities, and the initiation of the correct antiretroviral therapy regimen. They will train a Large Language Model and integrate ChatGPT-4 so the tool can synthesize information on a case, based on manually-entered patient details, and provide interactive guidance to clinicians based on current clinical guidelines, medication lists, and research. They will engage healthcare providers to iteratively evaluate and refine the tool in different healthcare scenarios, including integration with TB prevention and treatment.